The verb bod meaning ‘to be’ is very important to learn in Welsh as it is used to form many of the tenses.
The verb ‘bod’ in Welsh
Note that Welsh differs in both its spoken and literary forms. This article shows the spoken forms of bod used in southern Welsh.
Present Tense (I am)
dw i
rwyt ti
mae e
mae hi
Affirmative
dyn ni
dych chi
maen nhw
dw i ddim
dwyt ti ddim
dyw e ddim
dyw hi ddim
Negative
dyn ni ddim
dych chi ddim
dydyn nhw ddim
dw i?
wyt ti?
ydy e?
ydy hi?
Question
dyn ni?
dych chi?
ydyn nhw?
Imperfect (I was, I used to be)
ro’n i
ro’t ti
roedd e
roedd hi
Affirmative
ro’n ni
ro’ch chi
ro’n nhw
do’n i ddim
do’t ti ddim
doedd e ddim
doedd hi ddim
Negative
do’n ni ddim
do’ch chi ddim
do’n nhw ddim
o’n i?
o’t ti?
oedd e?
oedd hi?
Question
o’n ni?
o’ch chi?
o’n nhw?
Preterite (I was)
bues i
buest ti
buodd e
buodd hi
Affirmative
buon ni
buoch chi
buon nhw
fues i ddim
fuest ti ddim
fuodd e ddim
fuodd hi dimm
Negative
fuon ni ddim
fuoch chi ddim
fuon nhw ddim
fues i?
fuest ti?
fuodd e?
fuodd hi?
Question
fuon ni?
fuoch chi?
fuon nhw?